Provide a concise narrative that clearly states each of (a)–(e) below.
(a) Problem the project solves — The problem the project is solving.
(b) Operational priorities — Provide a high-level description of how the project expects to support ongoing development and operations over time.
(c) High-level project overview — How the project works at a high level.
(d) Primary token functions — The primary functions of the token (e.g. gov participation).
(e) Control surface reliance — If any, briefly describe the anticipated or possible evolution of the protocol's governance/control model.
Response
(a) Problem the project solves
1inch exists to advance a simple proposition, that financial services should be open,
self-custodial, and accessible to anyone, anywhere. Decentralized infrastructure is the path to
making that a reality. The challenge is that decentralized finance, as it exists today, has not yet
fully delivered on that proposition. Liquidity is fragmented across networks and venues, price
discovery is uneven, users are routinely exposed to value extraction they can neither see nor
control, and cross-chain activity remains complex enough to push most users back to
centralized custodians. Without a layer that resolves this fragmentation and protects the
participant, DeFi remains an interesting technical experiment rather than a credible alternative
to traditional finance.
A second dimension of the problem is risk management. Decentralized finance has not yet built
out the institutional-grade risk frameworks that traditional financial infrastructure takes for
granted, and that gap is a meaningful reason broader institutional participation in DeFi has
lagged. 1inch treats security and risk management, for users, integrators, and institutional
participants alike, as a first-class engineering and operational priority, dedicating substantial
resources to threat modelling, defensive product design, and the development of risk
frameworks that let capital engage with on-chain markets responsibly. 1inch's current frameworkis set out in the 1inch Risk Management Whitepaper.
1inch builds the layer needed to close these gaps. It is the connective infrastructure that lets
users transact across the decentralized economy with confidence, accessing liquidity wherever
it sits, settling at competitive rates, retaining custody of their assets, and doing so under
conditions designed to limit extractive inter med iation. The purpose is to make self-custodial
finance not just possible, but the preferable choice.
(b) Operational priorities
Ongoing development and direction of the 1inch Network's open-source protocols sit under the
1inch DAO, which acts through the 1IP process (forum discussion at gov.1inch.network,
Snapshot voting, on-chain execution via SafeSnap) against a DAO-controlled Treasury funded
by redirected protocol revenue. Near-term priorities include:
Build-out of the Aqua liquidity layer as a focal point for new protocol-level capabilities. The Aqua Revenue Stream Incubator already deploys Treasury funding to teamsbuilding yield strategies on Aqua, with profit share returned to the Treasury; additional
Aqua-related initiatives are expected through the same process.
Strengthening DAO treasury operations, including the establishment of dedicated
working groups or specialised contributors to actively manage Treasury assets.
Broadening community engagement through expanded utility of the 1INCH token across
the network's protocols and governance layers.
Exploring additional DeFi primitives and liquidity deployment surfaces beyond the
network's existing aggregation, intent-based execution, and Aqua layers, to widen the
set of on-chain activities available to users.
Reinforcing security and protocol-level compliance: ongoing third-party audits, additional
defensive layers across products and protocols, and alignment of protocol practices with
emerging DeFi risk-management and compliance standards informed by recent
regulatory developments.
Taken together, these priorities are designed to keep the Network self-sustaining over time:
protocol- and program-level proceeds routed back to the DAO Treasury, the continued role of
the 1INCH token within the network's protocols and governance, and the gradual broadening of
on-chain activity available through the Network are intended to fund development and
operations on an ongoing basis.
The 1inch Foundation acts as an off-chain steward supporting DAO operations and
community-approved initiatives, and administers funds dedicated to broader
network-development activities, including grants and strategic programs designed to support the
long-term growth of the 1inch Network as a whole.
Contributing development companies (see Section 5) build and maintain 1inch's user-facing
products (Swap, Wallet, Portfolio, Card) and continue to expand work into the liquidity layer;
operating proceeds from these activities are reinvested into further product development and
brand-building. A parallel development companies’ priority is widening adoption among
institutional participants, including support for tokenised real-world assets and institutional-grade
product surfaces, to grow the Network's reach and brand recognition with that audience, which
in turn reinforces the Network's broader visibility and adoption.
(c) High-level project overview
The 1inch Network is a suite of open-source on-chain protocols which, together with the 1INCH
token contract, are governed by the 1inch DAO.
At a high level the 1inch Network protocols operate across two execution modes that share a
common router:
Classic aggregation (Aggregation Protocol / Limit Order Protocol). A user submits a
swap or limit order; the protocol's pathfinder algorithm splits the order across AMMs,
private market makers, and other liquidity sources across 13+ EVM-compatible networks
(and, via Fusion+, between Solana and EVM chains) to produce the best executable
rate.
Intent-based execution (Fusion / Fusion+). The user signs an off-chain order describing
the trade and the constraints (minimum return, deadline). A network of whitelisted
resolvers — professional market makers who must hold or be delegated 1INCH-derived
Unicorn Power — compete in a Dutch-auction style mechanism to fill the order, paying
gas on the user's behalf and bundling the fill with other transactions to neutralise MEV
exposure.
User-facing entry points include the 1inch web app, the self-custodial 1inch Wallet, 1inch
Portfolio (analytics), 1inch Card (CryptoLife-powered spend/borrow). Builder-facing entry points
include the 1inch Business developer and B2B portal and the underlying open-source contracts.
Governance, staking, and delegation interfaces are hosted on the community domain
1inch.network, and forum discussion lives at gov.1inch.network.
(d) Primary token functions
The 1INCH token is the governance token of the 1inch DAO, with a secondary,
governance-defined utility role inside the Fusion / Fusion+ protocols. Specifically:
Governance. 1INCH holders deposit tokens into the time-locked governance staking
contract (st1INCH) to receive Unicorn Power (UP), a non-transferable representation of
voting influence that decays over time. UP is used to submit and vote on 1inch
Improvement Proposals (1IPs) through Snapshot, with on-chain execution via SafeSnap
against the DAO Treasury. UP also confers voting weight in Instant Governance over
protocol settings.
Delegation. UP can be delegated independently to (i) governance delegates on
Snapshot and (ii) Fusion / Fusion+ resolvers. The same UP can be delegated to both
layers without conflict, and the original holder retains the ability to override a delegated
vote.
Resolver utility (Fusion / Fusion+). Resolvers may choose to maintain order-filling rights
by attracting delegated UP (the function is currently paused). This creates a merit-based
market for execution access and ties professional market-maker participation to the
same governance layer used by token holders.
(e) Control surface reliance
The 1inch Network operates under a community-led control model. In particular:
All 1inch protocols are open-source and publicly verifiable. The 1INCH token contract is
deployed on Ethereum (and bridged to BNB Chain); its mint function was permanently
burned on-chain in April 2022, fixing maximum supply at 1.5B tokens.
The protocols, the 1INCH token contract administration, and the parameters that govern
Fusion / Fusion+ (including the resolver whitelist and the Fusion settlement contract) sit
under the 1inch DAO, which acts through Snapshot voting executed against the DAO
Treasury via SafeSnap. Tokenomics changes, treasury allocations, fee parameters, and
resolver economics are determined by 1INCH holders through this process.
Staking, delegation, and governance participation are coordinated through the
community-operated 1inch.network domain and the gov.1inch.network forum.
The 1inch Foundation serves as an off-chain steward supporting DAO operations, and
the contributing development entities build and maintain user-facing products and
contribute to ongoing protocol development. Neither retains unilateral control over
protocol parameters, treasury allocations, or token.
The anticipated evolution of this model centers on deepening community engagement:
community-led incentive programs, and the formation of additional committees and operational
working groups within the DAO that drive initiatives forward, coordinate execution between
proposals, and provide early stage expert input through the governance process.
02Known Project Team
Question
For each existing entity: Labs/DevCo (e.g., Founder, CEO, CTO, COO), Foundation (e.g., President, Executive Director, CFO, COO), and DAO / onchain governance leadership (if applicable) list the: (a) full names, (b) official titles, (c) and prior experience of key team members. For any non-existent entity, explicitly mention it does not exist. External links may be included but they will not factor into the score.
Response
Full Name
Entity
Official Title
Prior Experience
Sergej Kunz
Labs
CEO, Founder
Veteran technology executive and DeFi entrepreneur with over two decades of engineering, architecture, and product leadership experience. As Co-Founder and CEO of 1inch since 2020, Sergej has led the Network for six years, scaling the project from its 2019 hackathon-winning aggregator MVP into one of DeFi's most widely-used trading and infrastructure platforms — with a footprint spanning a dozen-plus chains, millions of users, and a deep partner ecosystem across protocols, market makers, and integrators. Prior to 1inch, he worked as a security expert and software engineer at Porsche AG and as a senior engineer at the international consultancy Mimacom, delivering projects for clients including Bosch, Siemens, and Porsche. An early crypto adopter (since 2011) and an active builder in the Ethereum ecosystem since 2016, Sergej is also a recognised voice in DeFi public education, security research, and aggregation, and represents 1inch at leading industry and policy events globally.
Roman Locher
Labs
COO
Senior operations executive with over a decade of experience leading IT, digital transformation, and agile delivery programmes at major international technology and industrial groups. Joined 1inch as Chief Operating Officer in October 2024, where he leads Network operations across contributing entities, product teams, and ecosystem programmes. Prior to 1inch, Roman held senior leadership positions in digital and IT strategy — including Senior Manager IT at Porsche Lifestyle Group and STIHL.
Chae Ho Shin
Labs
CFO
Senior finance executive with over a decade of experience spanning institutional finance and digital assets. CFA charterholder; MBA in Finance and BSc in Finance and Mathematics from The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania. Joined 1inch in 2023 — first leading the Network's operations in South Korea as Country Manager, then taking on the CFO mandate in May 2023, where he oversees the Network's financial strategy and operations across products, contributors, and DAO-related programmes. Prior to 1inch, Chae Ho's career spanned investment management and venture capital, blockchain-protocol CFO leadership, and earlier macro research, FX, and derivatives roles at international financial institutions.
Orest Gavryliak
Labs
CLO
Legal executive with deep specialisation in crypto, DeFi, and international business law. An early crypto adopter, before 1inch, Orest has advised a wide range of leading DeFi protocols, including Lido, Zerion, and others across the ecosystem, on regulatory strategy, governance, and compliance matters. Prior to 1inch, he held positions at Swiss Crypto Advisors, Axon Partners, LLC Advice Group, and the International Criminal Court. As Chief Legal Officer, Orest leads 1inch's regulatory and legal strategy and represents 1inch in policy and regulatory dialogue across leading industry forums and is a recognised public voice on DeFi-friendly regulatory frameworks.
Director 1
Foundation
Director
Chartered Accountant and Accredited Director with 10+ years of management and accounting experience across the funds, captive insurance, and banking sectors in the Cayman Islands. Active in the digital assets space since 2015. Has held senior management roles at a leading audit firm in the Cayman Islands and at a privately-owned Cayman Islands bank.
Director 2
Foundation
Director
Independent director providing governance oversight to Web3 foundations, DAOs, funds, and operating companies. Prior to his directorship practice, served over nine years as a Senior Manager at a Big Four audit firm in the Cayman Islands, with deep expertise in hedge-fund structures and operations. Member of the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants (SAICA).
Blockworks note: Note on Foundation Directors. The names of the 1inch Foundation's Directors have been
withheld from this filing due to security concerns. Given that the Foundation does not exercise
any direct or indirect control over the 1INCH token, its supply, contract parameters, or the DAO
Treasury (each of which sits under the authority of the 1inch DAO as described in Sections 3
and 4 of this filing), the Project considers that anonymising the Directors' identities does not
materially affect the transparency objective of this disclosure. The Directors' professional
qualifications and relevant background are disclosed below.
The 1inch DAO does not have formal "leadership" in the traditional corporate sense — control
sits with 1INCH holders voting through the 1IP process. However, several individuals and
groups play a key role in steering and operationalising governance, and we disclose them below
for transparency:
Governance Lead, Pranav Sanjay Pandit. Acts as steward between the operating
entities (Foundation, DevCo), the DAO, and the Recognized Delegates; coordinates
governance forum activity and supports the governance process.
Legal Working Group (LWG). DAO standing working group responsible for legal,
compliance, and governance risk review of proposals and DAO activity. Current
functioning members include Kylyna-Anastasiia Zabrodska, Orest Gavryliak, Jordan
Reindl, and Kene Ezeji-Okoye. The LWG is supported by external counsel MME Legal, a leading Swiss law firm engaged by the DAO.
Recognized Delegate Program (RDP). The 1inch DAO operates a Recognized
Delegates Program (currently up for renewal under the Recognized Delegate Program
Renewal proposal) under which professional governance teams are funded to actively
participate in 1inch DAO governance. Active recognized delegates include Anode
(formerly StableLab), Arana Digital, Curia (curia-delegates.eth), DAOplomats, and
Franklin DAO, evaluated through a points-based system covering governance call
participation, working-group involvement, product/proposal delivery, Unicorn Power, and
Snapshot voting participation.
03DAO Structure
Question
Provide a structured description of the DAO's governance, powers, and economic rights. If a DAO does not exist, state so. Address the lettered items below. Even if there is no DAO, there must be an answer to (d).
(a) IP ownership & control — State what IP the DAO owns or controls (e.g., codebases/repos, trademarks/brands). Note any license if relevant.
(b) Contract/admin powers — List onchain or administrative authorities and limits: pause/upgrade roles (e.g., multisig pause), governance-executor authorities, and the method of authority for each (e.g., veto, majority, super-majority).
(c) Locked-token rights (conditional) — If locking/staking for additional rights exists, explain the additional rights and what tokenholders can and cannot decide. If no locking mechanism exists, leave absent.
(d) Value accrual & holder rights — If any, describe the current rights of tokenholders over revenue distribution and the treasury.
(e) Dissolution authority — State who can dissolve/wind up the DAO and by what mechanism (e.g., onchain vote threshold, board resolution of a legal wrapper).
Response
(a) IP ownership & control
The 1inch Network protocols and the 1INCH token contract are decentralized, owned,
and governed by the 1inch DAO. All protocol codebases are publicly available and open-source at github.com/1inch.
The intellectual property of the 1inch Network, including its protocols, codebase, and
brand, is community IP vested in the 1inch DAO and the Community. Because the DAO
is an on-chain collective without legal personality, it cannot itself register or enforce
intellectual-property rights off-chain. To enable that purely off-chain enforcement
function, registered brand and protocol IP rights are held by the development company
Degensoft Ltd. (DIFC), acting as licensor solely for the purposes of protection and
enforcement on behalf of the DAO and the Community. This is a common structure in
DeFi: the registered holder provides the off-chain enforcement capacity that
community-owned protocols require, while substantive ownership and governance
authority over the underlying IP remain with the DAO.
The 1inch.network domain is held by the 1inch Foundation for community purposes and
protection, in line with the Foundation's mission "to foster the 1inch Network's growth
and support initiatives that benefit the Community".
(b) Contract/admin powers
The DAO operates through a combination of on-chain and operational authorities established
under the Guidelines. The principal elements are:
1inch DAO Treasury Safe ateth: 0x7951c7ef839e26F63DA87a42C9a87986507f1c07 — a Gnosis Safe multisig
with 12 signers initially appointed by the 1inch Foundation from core contributors and
well-known industry projects. Treasury allocations require a DAO vote executed on-chain
via SafeSnap; the multisig signers retain the ability to veto malicious transactions with a
7/12 approval quorum.
1inch DAO Operations Multi-sig ateth: 0x45e84e10e8E85c583C002A40007D10629EF80fAF — a long-standing 3-of-4
multisig used to administer DAO-approved working-group programs (e.g. Recognized
Delegates Program funding).
1IP voting thresholds. Standard proposals: 5-day temperature check + 7-day Snapshot
vote. To create a Snapshot vote a member must hold a minimum of 100,000 Unicorn
Power; to pass, a proposal requires a 10,000,000 UP quorum and a majority of votes
must be Yes. Guidelines amendments (§5.8) require at least 10M UP participation.
Fast-Track Proposals. Limited streamlined process (24-hour forum + 48-hour Snapshot)
restricted to: (i) deploying 1INCH on new networks (subject to technical viability), (ii)
changes to the Governance Process, and (iii) changes surrounding 1inch Fusion Mode.
Fast-Track proposals have no spending power or authority. Only whitelisted addresses
may initiate Fast-Track proposals.
(c) Locked-token rights (conditional)
A locking/ staking mechanism exists. Holders of 1INCH must stake 1INCH in the 1inch
governance contract (an on-chain action issuing non-transferable st1INCH) to receive Unicorn
Power (UP) — the voting weight used in DAO governance. Staking is time-locked, with a
minimum lock of 1 month and a maximum lock of 2 years (longer locks yield more UP, which
then decays over time).
Holders of staked 1INCH gain:
The right to submit and vote on 1IPs through the Snapshot governance process (subject
to thresholds for Snapshot submission).
The right to delegate UP independently to (i) governance delegates on Snapshot and (ii)
Fusion / Fusion+ resolvers — the same UP can be delegated to both layers without
conflict, and the original holder retains the ability to override a delegated vote.
The right to participate in Instant Governance over specific protocol settings.
Through these mechanisms, holders collectively control all matters within the DAO's scope ofresponsibility (as defined in 1inch DAO Guidelines), including the governance of all 1inchNetwork protocols; the smart contract, features and other characteristics of the 1INCH token;
the rules and processes of governance itself (staking, delegation, the 1IP framework); the 1inch
DAO Treasury and its allocation; the 1inch.network community domain (administered by the
Foundation on behalf of the Community); and the ability to initiate new programmes, working
groups, and ecosystem initiatives.
Holders cannot decide matters outside the DAO's scope of responsibility and the operations of
independent legal entities, such as operations of 1inch Foundation, development companies,
and direct control of user-facing product layers (1inch Business, 1inch dApp, 1inch Wallet, etc.).
(d) Value accrual & holder rights
Tokenholders currently have no direct economic rights over protocol revenue or treasury assets.
Protocol revenue is routed to the 1inch DAO Treasury and is controlled collectively by 1INCH
holders through the proposal process; there is no dividend, fee-share, revenue-share, buyback,
or other passive economic distribution from the protocols, the Treasury, or the 1inch token to
individual tokenholders.
(e) Dissolution authority
The 1inch DAO has no formal mechanism for unilateral dissolution by any single party.
The DAO is constituted by the 1INCH tokenholder community and the on-chain governance
contracts. Accordingly, any wind-up, reorganisation, or material change to the DAO's structure
would require a 1IP through the full 1IP lifecycle (Phase 1 discussion → Phase 2 formalisation
→ Phase 3 temperature check → Phase 4 Snapshot vote, satisfying the 10M UP quorum and
majority Yes threshold).
There is no individual director, founder, or external party with unilateral authority to wind up or
dissolve the DAO.
04Primary Foundation
Question
For the Primary Foundation do the following independently. If an entity does not exist, state that explicitly. Items (a)–(f) apply only if that entity exists; state explicitly that the entity doesn't exist.
Definitions: The primary Foundation and DevCo can be explained as those entities which are directly involved in the issuance of the native token at launch.
(a) Entity — Type and jurisdiction.
(b) IP ownership & control — What IP the entity owns/controls (repos/code, trademarks/brand; license optional) and an explanation of any subsidiary entities.
(c) Powers over DAO, treasury, protocol-controlled resources, and token administration — If any, describe the current powers over DAO governance, treasury actions, protocol-controlled resources (e.g. revenue), token administration, or reward parameters, and the method/threshold for each.
(d) Powers over DevCo — Explain whether the foundation can exert direct or indirect influence over decision-making of the DevCo.
(e) Contract/admin powers — Pause/upgrade/governance-executor authorities and the method/threshold for each (e.g., veto/majority/super-majority; "3/5 multisig").
(f) Current economic arrangements and distribution policies — Describe any current governance-approved, contractual, or programmatic mechanisms, if any, by which protocol-controlled resources, treasury assets, fees, revenue, rewards, or token distributions may be directed to this entity, its equityholders, contributors, or other participants. If no such mechanism currently exists, state that explicitly. Do not discuss hypothetical future dividends, repurchases, or distributions unless formally adopted.
Response
(a) Entity
The 1inch Foundation is a Cayman Islands foundation company (an entity formed under the
Cayman Islands Foundation Companies Act, 2017) operating as an independent non-profit
organisation, as described in the 1inch DAO Guidelines. Its mission is to foster the 1inch
Network's growth and to support initiatives that benefit the Community.
(b) IP ownership & control
The Foundation's only material IP-adjacent holding is the 1inch.network community domain,
which it administers on behalf of the Community in line with its statutory mission.
The Foundation has no subsidiary entities.
(c) Powers over DAO, treasury, protocol-controlled resources, and token administration
None. The Foundation is an independent steward with its own independent treasury. It does not
exercise governance powers over the 1inch DAO, has no unilateral authority over the 1inch
DAO Treasury, has no claim on or control over protocol-controlled resources, and has no
authority over the administration of the 1INCH token or any reward parameters.
For the avoidance of doubt: while the Foundation was the original issuer of the 1INCH token at
the Network's December 2020 launch, the token's mint function was permanently burned
on-chain in April 2022 and the token contract has since sat within the 1inch DAO's scope of
responsibility under Guidelines §4.3.2. The Foundation does not retain any administrative, mint,
upgrade, or issuance authority over the 1INCH token contract.
The Foundation acts on the DAO's behalf only (i) when expressly requested or instructed by the
DAO through the 1IP process, or (ii) where DAO-approved proposals necessarily require
off-chain execution.
(d) Powers over DevCo
None. The 1inch Foundation does not exercise direct or indirect influence over the
decision-making of the contributing development company (Degensoft Ltd.) or any other
development entity. The Foundation and the DevCo are independent legal entities with no
shared shareholding, no shared control, and no contractual hierarchy between them.
(e) Contract/admin powers
None. The Foundation has no pause, upgrade, or governance-executor authority over any of
the 1inch Network protocols or the 1INCH token contract.
(f) Current economic arrangements and distribution policies
None. No current governance-approved, contractual, or programmatic mechanism exists by
which protocol-controlled resources, DAO Treasury assets, fees, revenue, rewards, or ongoing
token distributions are directed to the 1inch Foundation, its directors, contributors, or other
participants. The Foundation operates from its own independent treasury and does not receive
any ongoing or programmatic flow of value from the protocols or the DAO Treasury.
05Primary Dev Co
Question
For the Primary DevCo do the following independently. If an entity does not exist, state that explicitly. Items (a)–(f) apply only if that entity exists; state explicitly that the entity doesn't exist.
Definitions: The primary Foundation and DevCo can be explained as those entities which are directly involved in the issuance of the native token at launch.
(a) Entity — Type and jurisdiction.
(b) IP ownership & control — What IP the entity owns/controls (repos/code, trademarks/brand; license optional) and an explanation of any subsidiary entities.
(c) Powers over DAO, treasury, protocol-controlled resources, and token administration — If any, describe the current powers over DAO governance, treasury actions, protocol-controlled resources (e.g. revenue), token administration, or reward parameters, and the method/threshold for each.
(d) Powers over Foundation — Explain whether the DevCo can exert direct or indirect influence over decision-making of the Foundation.
(e) Contract/admin powers — Pause/upgrade/governance-executor authorities and the method/threshold for each (e.g., veto/majority/super-majority; "3/5 multisig").
(f) Current economic arrangements and distribution policies — Describe any current governance-approved, contractual, or programmatic mechanisms, if any, by which protocol-controlled resources, treasury assets, fees, revenue, rewards, or token distributions may be directed to this entity, its equityholders, contributors, or other participants. If no such mechanism currently exists, state that explicitly. Do not discuss hypothetical future dividends, repurchases, or distributions unless formally adopted.
Response
(a) Entity
Degensoft Ltd. — a British Virgin Islands (BVI) company limited by shares. Acts as the
current primary DevCo, responsible for building, maintaining, and operating the 1inch
Network's user-facing products.
1inch Limited (former DevCo at TGE) — also a British Virgin Islands (BVI) company
limited by shares. Was the primary DevCo at the Network's December 2020 launch. As a
result of the 2025 restructuring, its operational obligations were transferred to Degensoft
Ltd.; 1inch Limited no longer holds active DevCo responsibilities.
(b) IP ownership & control
Degensoft Ltd. (BVI) owns certain product-level assets associated with the user-facing
1inch products it operates (e.g. operational tooling and product-specific code that is not
part of the community-owned protocol layer). These product-level assets are not part of
the DAO-vested IP and are not under the control of the DAO. As described in Section
3(a), the Network's protocols, codebase, and brand IP are community IP vested in the
1inch DAO and the Community. Degensoft Ltd. (BVI) holds a license for the brand
assets it uses to operate the 1inch products, and does not itself hold or control DAO IP.
Degensoft Ltd. (BVI) has no subsidiary entities for the purposes of this section.
1inch Limited holds no operational assets today; 1inch Limited is not the licensor nor a
licensee of any DAO IP and does not control any 1inch products.
(c) Powers over DAO, treasury, protocol-controlled resources, and token administration
None, neither Degensoft Ltd. nor 1inch Limited. Neither entity exercises governance powers
over the 1inch DAO, has any unilateral authority over the 1inch DAO Treasury, has any claim on
or control over protocol-controlled resources, or has any authority over the administration of the
1INCH token, supply, or reward parameters.
(d) Powers over Foundation
None, neither Degensoft Ltd. nor 1inch Limited. Neither DevCo exercises direct or indirect
influence over the decision-making of the 1inch Foundation. The DevCo entities and the
Foundation are independent legal entities with no shared shareholding, no shared control, and
no contractual hierarchy between them.
(e) Contract/admin powers
None, neither Degensoft Ltd. nor 1inch Limited holds pause, upgrade, or governance-executor
authority over the 1inch Network protocols or the 1INCH token contract as a company.
Where individual contributors are signers on protocol- or DAO-administrative multi-sigs, those
multi-sig roles are held by such contributors in their independent personal capacity, not as
representatives of, or under the direction of, Degensoft Ltd. or 1inch Limited. Such individual
roles are not formally recognised as corporate powers of either DevCo and the entities do not
direct or coordinate the exercise of those keys.
(f) Current economic arrangements and distribution policies
No protocol-level fees currently are enforced on the 1inch Network, and consequently there is
no current governance-approved, contractual, or programmatic mechanism by which
protocol-controlled resources, DAO Treasury assets, protocol revenue, rewards, or ongoing
token distributions are directed to Degensoft Ltd., 1inch Limited, their shareholders,
contributors, or other participants.
For transparency, because two categories of fees may be visible to users on the 1inch interface
and would otherwise invite questions, the nature of those fees is as follows:
Infrastructure fees. These originate at the API and interface integration level (i.e. at the
layer that Degensoft Ltd. operates), not at the protocol level. They are received by
Degensoft Ltd. as compensation for the operational services it provides in building,
maintaining, and operating the user-facing products and API stack. They are not protocol
revenue and are not paid out of the DAO Treasury.
Swap surplus. Where execution conditions in a given trade leave a residual amount
beyond the user's minimum return, that surplus is captured at the interface layer and
likewise accrues to Degensoft Ltd. as compensation for the services it provides at that
layer. The mechanism is determined by market conditions of each individual trade and is
not a protocol-level distribution.
Neither of the above is a protocol fee, neither is a distribution from the DAO or its Treasury, and
neither is paid to 1inch Limited.
Blockworks note: Scope of this section. The Blockworks definition of "Primary DevCo" anchors to the entity
directly involved in the issuance of the native token at launch. For the 1inch Network this is a
two-part disclosure:
At the Network's December 2020 token launch, the primary DevCo was 1inch Limited
(1L). For clarity, 1inch Limited was not itself involved in the launch or issuance of the
1INCH token — as described in Section 4, the original token issuer was the 1inch
Foundation, and the token's mint function was subsequently permanently burned
on-chain in April 2022. 1inch Limited's role at the time was that of a major Network
contributor building and developing 1inch products and infrastructure.
Following a corporate restructuring completed in 2025, the DevCo function (building and
maintaining 1inch's user-facing products) has been carried out by Degensoft Ltd. (BVI),
which absorbed the operational obligations previously sitting at 1inch Limited. 1inch
Limited no longer operates as a development company today.
For transparency and completeness, the responses below cover both entities. Where a
response applies equally to both, that is stated; where the answer differs, the difference is
noted.
Token Supply & Allocations
06Initial Allocation
Question
Disclose launch and initial supply details in a single initial allocation schedule covering the token's launch.
(a) Launch supply totals — The total number of tokens issued at launch, the total number of tokens locked at launch or the total number of tokens unlocked at launch.
(b) Recipient categories & use of funds — The recipient categories with brief explanations as to how the category will use the tokens so an auditor can distinguish each bucket.
(c) Initial price per token (if applicable) — The initial price per token at TGE. If the token launched via a liquidity bootstrapping mechanism, auction, or other price-discovery process rather than a fixed offering price, describe that mechanism and the final market set price instead. If no fixed price was set, state so.
(d) Ticker / market symbol — The ticker/market symbol.
(e) Total supply & supply regime — The total supply and whether the supply is fixed (if not explain inflation rate or deflation rate).
(f) Initial vesting / release schedules — The initial vesting/release schedules (identify which categories/recipients are subject to vesting and the high-level timing logic).
Response
(a) Launch supply totals
Total tokens issued at genesis: 1,500,000,000 1INCH (full max supply minted at
genesis on 25 December 2020).
Tokens locked at launch (held in vesting contracts): ~94% of total supply (~1.41B
1INCH) was held in time-locked vesting contracts at genesis.
Tokens unlocked at launch (initial circulating supply): ~6% of total supply (~90M
1INCH) was initially circulating, comprising the initial airdrop to early protocol users and
the initial liquidity mining program (the first two weeks of which contributed an additional
~0.5%).
(b) Recipient categories & use of funds
Bucket: Community Incentives
% of Supply: 30.0%
Tokens: 450,000,000
Use of funds: Distributions to the 1inch user community — initial and ongoing airdrops, governance rewards, liquidity-mining programs, and other community-engagement activities.
Bucket: Core Contributors and Team
% of Supply: 22.5%
Tokens: 337,500,000
Use of funds: Compensation for the core team and founding contributors of the 1inch Network. Distribution recognised contributions from December 2021 onwards, aligned to project milestones and long-term commitment.
Bucket: Backers 1
% of Supply: 18.5%
Tokens: 277,500,000
Use of funds: Allocations to major early backers (OTC Event, so-called “Seed Round”).
Bucket: Backers 2
% of Supply: 12.2%
Tokens: 183,000,000
Use of funds: Allocations to additional backer cohorts (OTC Event, so-called “Round A”).
Bucket: Network Growth Fund
% of Supply: 14.5%
Tokens: 217,500,000
Use of funds: Funding for ecosystem development — protocol-level grants, integrations, strategic partnerships, and infrastructure development to grow the 1inch Network over time.
Bucket: Advisors and small backer allocations(publicly labelled "Small Backers")
% of Supply: 2.3%
Tokens: 34,500,000
Use of funds: Allocations to early advisors to the 1inch Network and to smaller backer / angel positions.
Bucket: Total
% of Supply: 100.0%
Tokens: 1,500,000,000
(c) Initial price per token (if applicable)
There was no fixed public offering price at launch.
The 1INCH token was distributed via (i) an airdrop to early protocol users and (ii) initial
liquidity-mining incentives, with secondary-market trading then beginning on third-party
exchanges. The initial market-set price was therefore determined by exchange supply and
demand from the first day of trading rather than by a fixed offering price set by the project.
(d) Ticker / market symbol
1INCH
(e) Total supply & supply regime
Maximum total supply: 1,500,000,000 1INCH.
Supply regime: Fixed (hard-capped). The 1INCH token contract's mint function was
permanently burned on-chain in April 2022, structurally fixing the maximum supply at
1.5B 1INCH.
(f) Initial vesting / release schedules
All six recipient buckets were subject to vesting at genesis. The high-level timing logic was as
follows:
Vesting structure: 12-month cliff from Network Launch (Dec 2020 → ~Dec 2021), followed by four equal semi-annual tranches (25% each) on ~1 Dec 2021, ~1 Jun 2022, ~1 Dec 2022, and ~1 Jun 2023
Vesting structure: Same structure as Backers 1 — 12-month cliff followed by four equal semi-annual tranches of 25% each, ending in mid-2023
Full unlock: Jun 2023
Bucket: Small Backers(advisor and small backer allocations)
TGE unlock: 0%
Vesting structure: 12-month cliff followed by seven equal semi-annual tranches (≈14.3% each) from Dec 2021 through Dec 2024
Full unlock: Dec 2024
Bucket: Core Contributors and Team
TGE unlock: 0%
Vesting structure: 12-month cliff followed by seven equal semi-annual tranches (1/7 each) over four years (cap-table specification: "4 years / 1/7 unlocked semi-annually / 12-month cliff")
Full unlock: Dec 2024
Bucket: Network Growth Fund
TGE unlock: Partial unlock at TGE (initial NGF distribution of ~46.9M 1INCH in December 2020)
Vesting structure: Remainder of the bucket originally scheduled to release over a ~41-month vesting schedule beginning approximately June 2021.
Full unlock: Nov 2024
Bucket: Community Incentives
TGE unlock: 11.11% at TGE
Vesting structure: Same structure as Network Growth Fund — 11.11% at TGE plus a ~41-month vesting schedule for the remainder, beginning approximately June 2021
Full unlock: Nov 2024
07Airdrop Process
Question
Address each of the following sub-items based on the project's airdrop status. If a sub-item does not apply to the project's situation, state that explicitly.
(a) Planned but not yet executed airdrop — If the project has planned but not yet airdropped, commit to publishing a recipient wallet list in a public channel and provide it to Blockworks quarterly until the initial TGE airdrop is fully completed. Additionally, generally state the possible target user segments (e.g., "stakers of X," "Aave users") and the allocation method (e.g., proportional to ve-balance or net position).
(b) Executed airdrop — If the project has already airdropped, point to a per-address source such as CSV/TSV/JSON files, a Dune table, a full Merkle dump, GitHub repo files embedding per-address allocations, or RPC endpoints that expose claim/amount data; explorer links alone do not count. Additionally, clearly state covered user segments (e.g., "stakers of X," "Aave users") and the allocation method (e.g., proportional to ve-balance or net position).
(c) No airdrop planned or conducted — If the project does not plan to conduct an airdrop for TGE and has never conducted one, state so plainly (e.g., "We have never conducted an airdrop to date and do not plan to execute one").
Response
Executed airdrop: The 1inch Network has already executed airdrop distributions. The disclosures below cover the
principal airdrop events.
A consolidated public registry of 1INCH claim transactions across all distributions describedbelow is available at: 1INCH-token-public-distribution-registry.csv. The registry sets out, perclaim: chain, distributor contract address, timestamp, 1INCH amount, recipient wallet address,
and transaction hash.
(i) TGE Airdrop
25 December 2020
User segments covered: Early users of the 1inch aggregator who had interacted with the
1inch dApp prior to the airdrop snapshot.
Allocation method: Eligibility required a wallet to have interacted with the 1inch dApp before
00:00 UTC on 24 December 2020, and to have met at least one of the following thresholds:
at least one trade before 15 September 2020; or
at least four trades on the 1inch dApp at any time before the snapshot; or
at least US$20 in cumulative trade volume on the 1inch dApp before the snapshot.
In addition, participants in the 1inch Mooniswap liquidity-mining program received an allocation
based on their participation in that program.
Recipient scale: Approximately 90,000,000 1INCH allocated; approximately 55,200 eligible
addresses at launch.
(ii) Secondary Airdrop / Retrodrop — early 2021
A subsequent retrodrop distribution allocated approximately 15,055,000 1INCH across several
user segments:
Transactions & Market Structures
08Market Maker Agreements & Deals
Question
Projects must disclose all material terms of market-making arrangements that affect token liquidity. If the project has no agreements or deals with market makers, state that explicitly; doing so earns full credit. For each market maker, include in a table:
(a) Market maker's name — the market maker's name;
(b) Token allocation or loaned amount — the token allocation or loaned amount as a percentage of total supply;
(c) Duration/term of agreement — the duration/term of the agreement; and, where applicable,
(d) Name of agreement structure — label the financial vehicle being used in the agreement (i.e. loan, option/call, retainer model) without describing trading strategy or expected outcomes.
If the project has no agreements or deals with market makers, state that explicitly; doing so earns full credit. If no native tokens were loaned or allocated to market makers, state that explicitly; cash/fiat retainers or fees are not required for this item.
Response
Blockworks note: The Project maintains a limited number of arrangements with reputable professional market
makers, the sole purpose of which is to support healthy exchange liquidity for the 1INCH token
on third-party trading venues. The specific commercial terms of each arrangement (counterparty
identity, allocation size, structure, and duration) are subject to mutual confidentiality and are not
disclosed in this filing.
09CEX / DEX Agreements & Deals
Question
Projects must disclose all material terms of centralized or decentralized exchange listings that affect token liquidity. For each listing, include in a table:
(a) Exchange name / DEX pool — the exchange name (and, for DEX, the specific pool/pair);
(b) Token allocation for listing — the token allocation supplied or committed for listing as a percentage of total supply;
(c) Term Duration — the duration/term of any listing lockups, liquidity, or incentive programs; and, where applicable,
(d) Native-token listing fees — whether any listing fees were paid in native tokens, with amounts (tokens or % of supply), recipients, and any vesting or lock terms tied to the partnership.
If the project has no agreements or deals with CEX or DEX, state that explicitly; doing so earns full credit; cash/fiat fee amounts are not required for this item.
Response
Blockworks note: The 1INCH token is listed on third-party centralized and decentralized exchanges through
ordinary, arms-length listing processes. As of the date of this filing, there are no native-token
agreements or deals with centralized or decentralized exchanges under which native 1INCH
tokens are committed, locked, or otherwise allocated for the purpose of listing, liquidity
provision, or incentive programs; no listing fees have been paid in native 1INCH tokens by the
1inch DAO, the 1inch Foundation, or any contributing development company acting on behalf of
the community.
Financial Disclosures & Risks
10Prior Token Sales & Fundraising
Question
Disclose all prior token sales by the Project — including fundraising rounds, any material OTC sales to investors, and any discounted market-maker sales. For each sale, provide:
If no prior sales occurred, state that explicitly (e.g., "No prior fundraising, OTC, or discounted MM sales have occurred.").
Response
Series Name: OTC Event, so-called “Seed Round”
Investment Vehicle: Token Sale Agreement / Token Purchase Agreement
Date Of Sale: Closings between approximately July 2020 and Q4 2020
Number of tokens sold: Approximately 281,875,000 1INCH (~18.79% of total supply), aggregated across approximately 26 Seed Round purchasers (institutional and angel).
Vesting Schedule: 12-month cliff from Network Launch followed by four equal semi-annual releases (25% per release).
Series Name: OTC Event, so-called “Series A”
Investment Vehicle: Digital Asset Call Purchase Agreement + Digital Asset Call Agreement (DAC)
Date Of Sale: Closings in October 2020 (lead document dated October 10–13, 2020)
Number of tokens sold: Approximately 202,672,500 1INCH (~13.51% of total supply), aggregated across all OTC Event, so-called “Series A” purchasers.
Vesting Schedule: 12-month cliff from Network Launch followed by four equal semi-annual releases (25% per release).
Date Of Sale: Closings in Q3–Q4 2021 (sale agreements dated through approximately November 2021)
Number of tokens sold: Approximately 116,650,000 1INCH (~7.78% of total supply), aggregated across all OTC Event, so-called “Series B” purchasers.
Vesting Schedule: Full hard lock-up from each Closing Date through the Exercise Date of 1 June 2022, followed by three equal 1/3 tranches.
Blockworks note: All prior token-related fundraising by the Project was conducted as private, off-market (OTC)
sales. The Project conducted three private fundraising rounds:
Note. The event-level token figures below reflect each round's actual final closing position.
These figures may differ to certain extent from the initial allocation buckets disclosed in Section
6, as round sizes evolved during each closing period as investor demand grew, and some
intra-bucket reclassifications between rounds were made through the closing process.
11Previous Exploits Affecting The Native Token
Question
If any, list prior exploits or incidents that directly affected the token, token supply, tokenholder balances, token contract, minting controls, burn mechanics, or custody of token supply. This question is not asking about general protocol, application, or smart contract exploits unless the incident directly affected the native token itself.
If no prior incidents, state this explicitly (e.g., "No exploits affecting tokenholders or protocol funds as of YYYY-MM-DD").
(a) Date & component affected — Date (YYYY-MM or YYYY-MM-DD), chain(s)/component affected.
(b) Exploit vector summary — Plain-language summary of the exploit vector (what the hack was).
(c) Quantified impact — Quantified impact (assets/tokens affected or a clear "no loss of funds" statement).
(d) Remediation/response taken — Remediation/response taken (patches, upgrades, governance actions, compensation).
(e) Current status — Current status (resolved, in litigation, under investigation, refunded, etc.).
(f) References (optional) — References (optional): link(s) to post-mortem/advisory/PR.
Response
(f) References (optional)
Blockworks note: No exploits affecting the native 1INCH token, the 1INCH token contract, token supply,
tokenholder balances, minting controls, burn mechanics, or custody of token supply have
occurred as of the date of this filing.
For the avoidance of doubt, this section is scoped — consistent with the Blockworks rubric — to
incidents that directly affected the native 1INCH token itself, and not to general protocol,
application, or smart-contract incidents that did not affect the token.
Describe material risk factors across the three categories below. Each category includes prompts to address at a minimum.
(a) Regulatory, Legal & Tax Risks — Describe how evolving laws and regulations could affect the project by answering, at a minimum, questions like:
Impact of Regulatory Change on TGE and Listings: (If applicable) How could evolving or conflicting laws and regulations affect your ability to complete the TGE, deliver tokens to purchasers, and list or maintain the token on trading venues in key jurisdictions?
Entity-Level Regulatory Impact: (If applicable) How could regulatory or legal changes impact your core entities (Foundation, DevCo, DAO, affiliated service providers), including enforcement actions, licensing requirements, or forced changes to structure or operations?
Tokenholder Tax Treatment: (If applicable) What uncertainties exist around how tokenholders may be taxed, and make clear that tokenholders are responsible for understanding their own tax obligations?
Jurisdictional & User Access Restrictions: (If applicable) If the project restricts access for certain jurisdictions or user types (e.g., U.S. persons, sanctioned countries, retail vs. professional), what are those restrictions and what risks do they create for users and for the project?
(b) Protocol, Technology & Security Risks — Describe risks to network and contract reliability, correctness, and safety by answering, at a minimum, questions like:
Bugs and Design Flaws: (If applicable) What bugs, design flaws, or implementation errors could exist in your core protocol code, smart contracts, and any bridges, rollups, or oracles that you depend on, and how could these lead to loss of funds or disruption of the protocol?
Security Measures & Their Limitations: (If applicable) What security measures have you taken (audits, formal verification, bug bounties), and what types of failures might these measures still fail to detect or prevent?
(c) Token Economics, Unlocks & Incentive Risks — Describe how the token's economic design and supply schedule could affect holders by answering, at a minimum, questions like:
Critical Economic Assumptions: (If applicable) Which economic assumptions (e.g., staking yields, fee revenue, liquidity incentives, MEV capture, demand for blockspace) are critical for protocol security, utility, and governance, and what happens if those assumptions fail?
Token Addresses and Deployments
13[Optional] Token Addresses and Deployments
Question
Identify to the best of your ability the token's current deployments across chains, including project-issued deployments, project-endorsed representations, and, if possible, documented third-party wrapped or bridged representations.
For each entry, provide:
Token Contract Address or Chain-Specific Asset Identifier
Chain
Deployment Type: Protocol-level asset / Direct token issuance / Wrapped or bridged representation
Project Relationship: Native-token / Project-endorsed / Endorsed third-party / Third-party, endorsement not established / Explicitly unsupported
Supporting Source: Link to supporting source
Multiple entries on the same chain are permitted.
Definition: A protocol-level asset is an asset whose balances and transfers are handled directly by the blockchain's core rules, rather than by a token smart contract. For protocol-level assets without a token contract address, enter "No contract address" and identify the asset and chain.
Response
Token Contract Address or Onchain Asset Identifier
This Token Transparency Filing is provided for general informational purposes only. Blockworks reviews completeness only and does not verify or warrant the accuracy of individual answers. 1inch is solely responsible for the content, accuracy, and legality of its disclosures.
Mooniswap users (retrodrop): ~4,800,000 1INCH to ~9,094 addresses that had
interacted with Mooniswap prior to the December 2020 snapshot.
Second liquidity-mining participants: ~3,570,000 1INCH to ~1,308 addresses that
participated in the second liquidity-mining program.
Uniswap-only users: ~6,000,000 1INCH to addresses that had never previously
swapped on 1inch or Mooniswap but met activity thresholds on Uniswap (at least 20
unique trading days and at least 3 trades during the qualifying period in 2021).
Limit Order Protocol users: ~310,000 1INCH to active users of the 1inch Limit Order
Protocol.
Smart-wallet users: ~375,000 1INCH to users of Argent, Authereum, Gnosis Safe, and
Pillar wallets.
(iii) Ongoing event-based airdrops
The 1inch Network has also conducted a series of small, event-based drops — distributions of
1INCH tokens at industry conferences and community events using NFC and QR-code claim
mechanics. Each event-based drop allocates a fixed per-claim amount of 1INCH.
These drops are small in aggregate and are administered through individual Merkle-distributor
contracts deployed for each event (e.g. Denver, Lisbon, Davos, ETHCC, Token2049, ETH
Global, and other industry events). They are not material to the network's overall supply but are
disclosed here for completeness.
Governance Control over Monetary Policy & Rewards: (If applicable) To what extent can governance change monetary policy, fee parameters, or reward allocations (e.g., inflation rate, treasury flows, incentive programs), and how could such changes adversely affect tokenholders?
Response
(a) Regulatory, Legal & Tax Risks
Impact of regulatory change on TGE and listings. The 1INCH token has been live and freely
circulating since its December 2020 launch, and its initial distribution is complete (see Sections
6 and 7). The regulatory environment for crypto tokens, including governance and utility tokens,
continues to evolve in major jurisdictions through ongoing legislative processes and interpretive
guidance, and the Project monitors developments on an ongoing basis. As at the date of this
filing, recent developments are supportive of the 1INCH token's governance and utility
characteristics, and the Project remains confident in the token's current standing. Accordingly,
the Project does not foresee a regulatory event that would impair the token's ability to circulate
or remain listed on the venues where it is currently traded.
A theoretical worst-case scenario — a future change in law in a major jurisdiction that
re-categorised 1INCH-class governance tokens as a regulated financial instrument — could in
principle introduce restrictions on how the token may be held or transferred. The Project
considers this scenario remote on the basis of the token's utility-centric design and the current
regulatory direction, but flags it for completeness.
Regional differences in legal treatment will, in any case, persist and require ongoing monitoring;
that monitoring is performed by the 1inch DAO Legal Working Group (LWG, see Section 2) with
the support of external counsel (MME) on behalf of the DAO and the Community.
Entity-level regulatory impact. Regulatory or legal change is always capable of affecting the
operating entities described, for example through new licensing requirements, enforcement
priorities, or jurisdictional restrictions. The Project's response to this risk is a substantial,
ongoing investment in regulatory and compliance risk management: 1inch publishes its currentrisk-management framework in the 1inch Risk Management Whitepaper, dedicates internal andexternal legal resources (including the LWG and MME engagement) to monitoring jurisdictional
developments, and adjusts entity-level processes as the law evolves. The entities operate as
legally required in their respective jurisdictions and remain alert to material changes.
Tokenholder tax. Tax treatment of 1INCH and any associated activity is jurisdiction- and
circumstance-specific. Each holder is solely responsible for understanding and complying with
their own tax obligations and should seek qualified independent tax advice. Neither the DAO,
the Foundation, nor any contributing development company provides tax advice. Jurisdictional & user access restrictions. Access restrictions implemented by the Project
apply at the user-facing product level only: the 1inch dApp, the 1inch Wallet, 1inch Card, and
B2B surfaces operated by the contributing development company observe applicable sanctions
regimes and restrict access for sanctioned countries and certain other jurisdictions as required.
These restrictions cannot be imposed at the protocol level because the 1inch Network protocols
are open-source, on-chain, and permissionless, and the 1INCH token trades on secondary
markets that the Project does not operate or control.
Note on this Section. The discussion in this Section 12.A is provided for general information only
and does not constitute legal, regulatory, or tax advice. No reliance should be placed on any
statement in this Section; no legal, advisory, or fiduciary relationship is created between 1inch
and any reader by reason of this disclosure.
(b) Protocol, Technology & Security Risks
Bugs and design flaws. 1inch reduces the risks of any latent bugs, design flaws, or
implementation errors through independent security audits, publicly available audit reports, bugbounty programme via HackenProof, liquidity-provider level controls, and emergency pausemechanisms in relevant contracts. The Project also operates a formal incident-response
framework supporting rapid identification, triage, and remediation of security events, with
findings systematically fed back into product hardening and security-control improvements.
Security measures. Multi-layered: (i) multiple independent third-party audits per protocol and/orproductl, with reports and source code public on github.com/1inch; (ii) an ongoing public bugbounty programme via HackenProof; (iii) the Network's broader security and risk-managementframework set out in the 1inch Risk Management Whitepaper. As with any complex softwaresystem, these measures reduce but do not eliminate residual risk of latent bugs or novel attack
vectors.
(c) Token Economics, Unlocks & Incentive Risks
Critical economic assumptions. None of a financial-economics nature. The 1INCH token is
a governance token, it is not designed as a yield-bearing, fee-share, staking-reward,
MEV-capture, or other instrument dependent on persistent financial-economic assumptions. The
full token-supply schedule has vested, so there are no remaining vesting-cliff or
scheduled-supply risks.
Governance control over monetary policy and rewards. All matters relating to the 1INCH
token and to network-level economics within the DAO's scope sit under DAO authority and are
decided through the governance process. Material changes are shaped and reviewed by the
DAO's professional governance ecosystem (Recognized Delegates, LWG, engaged community
participants), and the Project considers it unlikely that proposals materially adverse to
tokenholders, regulatory clarity, or network safety would pass that process. Governance
outcomes can nonetheless not be guaranteed — that is a structural feature of decentralised
governance.
