Written by Saurabh Deshpande
A fork is when a blockchain splits, which can happen for a variety of reasons. If two miners mine the same block, then a temporary partition occurs and whichever one has the next block added becomes the legitimate chain. These happen fairly regularly and are not typically considered problematic.
When a blockchain has upgrades or bug fixes, they occur through non-contentious soft forks. These are backwards compatible meaning old versions of the software can still participate in the network.
Hard forks occur when nodes cannot agree on a change, and they lead to a permanent split in the network as we saw with Bitcoin Cash.
A Short Guide to Bitcoin Forks
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