Unchained Capital's co-founder and theoretical physics Ph.D. Dhruv Bansal recently sat down with New Money Review to discuss Bitcoin's ($BTC) energy efficiencies in physics terms. Theoretical limits exist on all energy expending activities, with most human-built machines shooting between 25%-75% energy efficiency. Bitcoin, as a non-hierarchical, human-designed entity, sits on the higher end between 50%-75% efficient. To Bansal, the energy inefficiencies call for scaling onto a secondary layer. Overall, comparisons between thermodynamics and information systems like Bitcoin need to be taken with a grain of salt.